quinta-feira, 7 de novembro de 2019
BRAZIL, OIL POLLUTION
image credits: google image
OIL POLLUTION, BRAZIL
Despite of high media and public interest in this subject, to unveil the real polluter of heavy oil washed up at the northeast coastlines in Brazil, resulting in a most unprecedented incident and worst damages to the marine environment.
The International Tankers Owners pollution Federation -ITOPF is advisoring the Brazilian institutions, such IBAMA and Navy to handle this case. Bearing in mind of some tankers ships has been appointed as liable for the disaster, the international legal frameworks, comprise of several rules of civil liabailities.
Among these entangled regulations, we may highlight two main conventions to be applied at this case: International Convention on Civil Libilities for Oil Pollution Damage (1969 CLC) and International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation of oil pollution damages ( 1971 fund convention).
We are convinced that whereby detected liability of the owner of the polluting vessel, shall be charged and supplemented by additional compensation available from a fund, to the Brazilian government. Read more at....
http://www.itopf.org/news-events/news/article/240/
sábado, 26 de outubro de 2019
O LIVRE ARBÍTRIO
imagem credito: google/incristo.org.br
Leiamos o texto abaixo, com atenção:
"....Oh! havemos de persuadi-los de que não serão verdadeiramente livres senão abdicando da sua liberdade em nosso favor. Pois bem! Diremos a verdade ou mentiremos? Eles próprios se convencerão de que falamos a verdade, porque se hão-de lembrar da escravatura e da perturbação em que os tinha lançado a Tua liberdade. A independência, o pensamento livre, a ciência, hão-de perdê-los num tal labirinto, hão-de pô-los em presença de tais prodígios, de tais enigmas, que uns, rebeldes, furiosos, se destruirão a si próprios, outros, rebeldes, mas fracos, multidão de cobardes e de miseráveis, se hão-de arrastar aos nossos pés em clamores:
«Sim, tínheis razão, só vós possuís o seu segredo e a vós regressamos; salvai-nos de nós mesmos!» Sem dúvida, ao receberem de nós os pães, verão bem que são os seus os que tomamos, os seus, ganhos pelo seu próprio trabalho, para os distribuirmos, sem nenhum milagre; verão bem que não mudamos as pedras em pão, mas o recebê-lo das nossas mãos dar-lhes-á mais prazer do que o próprio pão. Hão-de lembrar-se de que outrora esse pão, fruto do seu trabalho, se lhes mudava em pedra nas mãos, ao passo que depois, quando voltaram a nós, as pedras se transformaram em pão. Compreenderão o valor da submissão definitiva. E, enquanto o não compreenderem, os homens serão infelizes..."
O texto acima descrito é parte dos excertos extraído da obra de "Fiodor Dostoievski, intitulada - Os irmãos Karamazov, publicada em 1879-1880". Retrata o dialogo entre os irmãos Ivan e Aliócha, no poema denominado - O Grande Inquisidor -.
Apesar do tempo, a narrativa nos remete a pensarmos em nossas escolhas e a maneira como a fazemos. Mostra também uma desconstrução da moral e das leis como as conhecemos e o surgimento de uma verdade alternativa.
Este discurso é bastante difundido na política mundial, principalmente com viés ideológico de esquerda, em afirmar que o mal do mundo são aqueles que não querem se submeter ao governo deles, assim, precisam ser "restaurados" para o convívio social.
A narrativa é um momento de inflexão aos tempos estranhos em que vivemos hoje. Mas...há esperança.
Paulo Silvano
Lawyer | Consultant
terça-feira, 17 de setembro de 2019
THE PARLANCE, THE SPEECH AND THE METHOD
image credits/google image
THE PARLANCE, THE SPEECH AND THE METHOD
The building of a logical
thought, the effort of syntactic structuring and the performance in the sense
of conveying the contents, enable the sender of the message, as protagonist,
the main purpose is to entice the recipient to adhere the new tenets of ideas
and disseminate it to his peers, mainly the whole civil society
The paragraph herein up,
as well as the phrases set up in principle, seems to forego a logical structure
in its more colloquial form of interpretation. But this is the key purpose of
first part of this article. Ascertain a thought or saying something can happen
in many ways, once circumvented by impressive, figures of speech. Press, social
media and most of wing left, has master this prerogative, as important tool to
probe the throng.
Let´s go to practical
example: the second quarter Brazilian GDP growth figures was 0.4%, the trade
agreement signed with the European Union, the approval of the social security
reform in the national congress and the impending, hailed and uptake of Brazil
as member of OECD. Despite these prominent spates of good news, driving the
country to be one of major international players. However, this news, when
spread by the mainstream media, always comes added by the conjunction
"But" ...
These whole events, are
happening in the sitting government and also befall on the erstwhile one.
However, (then, language becomes metaphysical) once that the effects of these
mishaps, though perceived, do not materialize overwhelmingly in the multitude.
First, because the
outcomes do not immediately reach out the taxpayer's pocket. If it does, is
very smooth, almost a slippage of credit outlook. Taking as an example the government
allowance of withdrawal part of the "FGTS” amount, by the workers, which
can give a relief and stimulus on the economy.
Another important,
Brazilian asset, the " car wash" operations. Hated by most of
politicians and some businessmen. On the other hand, beloved by the people and
desired by the mainstream media, which exploits the good results in its own
interests, sometimes for, sometimes against.
Thus, the logic of
discourse tends to change to classical or aletic logic (derived from the Greek
word alethéa "truth") where the arguments will be true if the facts
are true or false if not verified in accordance with what was written. . (ALFRED
Tarski - the semantic conception of truth, SP / UNESP, 2007. Apud CARVALHO,
Paulo de Barros - Tax Law, Language and Method.) Means that, recipient must vet
the primary sources to reach the truth.
In summary, the parlance
and speeches devised by part of press and "think tank" are biased and
bound to a methodology, a kind of syllabus. Readers must be very attentive to the
content of discourse to understand its form, the underlying ideological charge,
and for what purpose it was constructed.
sexta-feira, 23 de agosto de 2019
TELL US THE FACT
TELL
US THE FACT
I
tell you! I tell you that the Amazonia´s burning footage, rebound and splurging
in the social media and press is a misunderstanding and does not represent the
truth. In fact, there is natural and seasonal burnings during the dry months, June
July and august, considered as the amazonic summer. However, this year is getting
worse than normal, stated INPE (official environmental office in Brazil).
Despite
the seasonal dry, also occur, deforestation and criminal burnings by illegal
farmers and loggers. Brazilian Federal government, together with Federal
prosecutors (MP) have already opened an investigation on illegal deforestation
and surge of intentional burning fires.
The
last but not least, the national congress and governors of major’s state hit by
blaze are vetting a strategic plan to be enforced by law to mitigate and reduce
the criminal burnings and deforestation. The world is by no means unaware, that
Brazil is the greatest global barnyard and will brace to supply food for approximately
8 billion peoples across the globe.
Therefore,
as an important player in worldwide commodities market, Brazil is fully
committed to embrace the default rule, to plays down and avert the global
warming and comply with the sustainable environment treaty.
The
celebrities, "think tank", media, plenipotentiary and entourage are
always welcome in Brazil to probe our facilities and see the new world of
opportunities and market opening for the entrepreneurs and long-term investors.
But,
please, do not spread fire and blaze that burn the ideas, pleading and
reasonings. Search the primary sources and find facts. Come to Brazil!
By:
Paulo Silvano
sábado, 27 de julho de 2019
WHO IS THE CHARTERER?
https://mynorthwest.com/1461525/petrobras-to-supply-fuel-to-iranian-ships-brazil-top-court/
Brazilian supreme court on
award, imposed an obligation to the giant state oil Petrobras to supply fuel
oil to Iranians vessels lying at anchorage. Therefore, at this odd import and
export negotiations, something still must be brought to light. for instance: Who
is the Charterer? Assuming that, Brazilian importers bought urea from the
Iranians vendors and in turn, will export corn in bulk to Iran.
Bearing in mind that majors stakeholders and players in foreign
trade are fully aware that Iran sanctions are enforce since the beginning of
American´s hostages crises in 1979. Embracing a little bit relief in Obama´s government
and again facing hard sanctions applied by Trump´s administration against the
Iranian government.
I do not know the terms of
contract, but suppose that buyers in Brazil decided to buy on FOB " free
on board" terms, the responsibilities to arrange sea transport and
delivery the cargo at destination port shall be held on sellers/owners account.
Bunkers (fuel oil) in this case also should be at vessels Owners account.
However, should the
Brazilian buyers and exporters, which seems to be the same claimants in court.
Agreed to contract/fixture the sea transportation and sign in time charter, an
Iranian flag vessel, the spot risks should be deeper calculated in order to
avoid furthers setbacks
Claimants argued that the
goods (corn in bulk) are not in sanctions list, really don´t. Nonetheless, the
vessels flying the Iranian flag is target in US list according to OFAC (Office
foreign assets Control) and penalties in breach these sanctions are severe.
Hope that Petrobras may be
well succeeded and will not experiment any damages in this lawful imbroglio.
edited by
Paulo Silvano
Lawyer and Maritime Consultancyquinta-feira, 25 de julho de 2019
PETROBRAS E NAVIOS IRANIANOS
https://internacional.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral,toffoli-determina-que-petrobras-forneca-combustivel-a-navios-iranianos,70002937963
Ainda em comento ao assunto do
post anterior. Seguindo o raciocínio, presumo que a Petrobras esteja certa em
não abastecer as embarcações. Digo presumo, pois não tenho conhecimento dos
termos e teor da liminar impetrada junto ao STF. Pois bem, importante ressaltar que as
sanções ao Iran vêm desde 1979, no caso da crise dos reféns na embaixada
americana no Iran. Desta forma as sanções vêm sendo aplicadas com maior ou
menor intensidade. Ver site do www.treasure.gov
e procurar Iran sanctions.
Neste novo episodio da concessão
da liminar pelo STF, hipoteticamente seguem-se duas possibilidades: a) A
empresa exportadora aqui no Brasil efetuou a venda da mercadoria no modelo CIF
ou C&F segundo os INCOTERMS. Nestes termos, o vendedor contrata o
afretamento da embarcação para levar a mercadoria até o destino. Partindo do
pressuposto que o afretamento se deu no modelo “ Voyage charter”, o armador do
navio é responsável pelo abastecimento da embarcação.
Em regra, esta negociação opera
de comum acordo entre “Bunkers brokers” e Armador. Caso a Petrobras tenha sido
procurada por algum Bunker Brokers para abastecimento de óleo combustível, geralmente
HFO (heavy fuel oil )ou IFO (intermediate fuel oil) os detalhes do navio são enviados ao fornecedor do combustível. No
caso em tela, conjecturando que a Petrobras tenha fechado contrato com os brokers
e recebido o valor correspondente ao abastecimento, ela terá que cumprir o
contrato e fornecer o combustível.
b) Por outro lado, se ao examinar os
detalhes do navio, constatar que é de bandeira Iraniana e se enquadra dentro
dos termos das sanções impostas pelos EUA, a Petrobras tem a faculdade de recusar
o contrato. Neste sentido, nenhuma responsabilidade recairá sobre a empresa,
pois não existe vinculo contratual para abastecimento, tendo assim a liminar
perdido sua eficácia juridica.
P.S: Os comentários aqui expostos
não refletem definitivamente a realidade dos fatos, apenas busca situar algumas
peculiaridades dos eventos da navegação marítima que são vastos e não se
esgotam com estes simples argumentos.
Glossario:
CIF: cost insurance and freight – termos de venda internacional
C&F: Cost and freight – vendedor ou importador paga o
custo e frete
Incoterms: Termos de venda internacionais que delimitam as responsabilidades
entre vendedor e importador
Voyage Charter: Afretamento por viagem
quarta-feira, 10 de julho de 2019
RIQUEZA CRESCE NO BRASIL
A materia abaixo, desvela os motivos pelo qual a oposição se mostra ferrenhamente contraria as reformas em curso. Somente com a reforma da previdência, o governo terá em caixa um montante de R$ 250 bi em 05 anos. O que seria terrível para os planos da oposição, pois vai garantir praticamente a reeleição do governo atual. Por isso os "dois minutos de ódio" parafraseando o livro: 1984 de George Orwell, contra a " lava jato" tentando confundir a opinião pública.
https://valorinveste.globo.com/objetivo/hora-de-investir/noticia/2019/07/10/brasileiros-enriqueceram-mais-do-que-a-media-global-e-isso-mesmo.ghtml
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